This column first appeared in October 2013.
The world of antiquity has a language all it’s own and as those of you who travel that world can attest, if you are going to venture into the territory, you’d best to know the language. So let’s take a look at a few definitions that will help you be armed and ready the next time you go antiquing.
Two terms that are often confused are original finish and original condition. Original finish is just that. It is the finish (stain, varnish, paint or polish) the piece had the day it was made. It is very important on primitive and fine antique furniture alike to be able recognize original finish as it is one of the main factors in determining value. When a piece has been stripped of the original finish, it has lost part of its integrity as an antique and therefore part of its value.
Original condition refers to the overall state of a piece. Does it have all of the original drawers and doors? Is all the hardware original? Has the patina been disturbed? It is important to really look at a piece closely to see if old square nails have been replaced by newer nails or screws. Has the piece been stabilized over the years by the addition of inappropriate wood? If anything has been removed or replaced, the piece you are viewing is of lesser value that its “original condition” counterpart.
Other common terms you may find helpful include:
Patina — The coloration of a piece that can only be developed with the passage of time. It can be the result of dirt, grease, wear, or temperature and chemical changes. Patina is what gives it character and beauty.
Chasing — This is a method of decorating metal, usually silver, with an embossed or engraved pattern. It is accomplished by using a blunt punch to create a design.
Burr Walnut — A decorative wood veneer made from the malformations that occur when a walnut tree is injured or disrupted from an irritation during it’s growth. This wood is usually found at the base of the tree.
Hallmark — Commonly found on precious metal pieces, this identifies the maker and often the date of production. With older English pieces it also implies an established standard of quality.
Circa — An estimated time frame or era of origin. It is commonly accepted that this allows a ten year grace period either way. For example a vase circa 1900 would have been manufactured from 1890-1910.
Electroplate — This chemical process, developed in 1840, is when a base metal is covered with a thin layer of another, more desirable metal. You will commonly find this on jewelry, flatware, and serving pieces.
Delftware — This is tin-glazed earthenware, usually blue and white, originally made in Delft, Southern Netherlands and England during the 17th and 18th centuries. Beware of reproductions.
Escutcheon — The ornamental shield shaped object around a keyhole.
Gilt and Gesso — Commonly found on frames from the late 1800s and early 1900s, gesso is a type of plaster used as a base for decorative carving. Gilt is the thin layer of gold foil used over gesso for enhancement.
Until next time . . . Linda
Linda Kennett may be reached at 317-258-7835 or lkennett@indy.rr.com